seizures under evaluation

18yr old female with abdominal pain since 4 days

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This E blog also reflects my patient centered online learning portfolio and your valuable inputs on the comment box is welcome.

I have been given this case to solve in an attempt to understand the topic of " patient clinical data analysis" to develop my competency in reading and comprehending clinical data including history, clinical findings, investigations and come up with diagnosis and treatment plan. 



 Pt presented to the casualty with complaints of 

Vomitings and loose stools since 10 days

Abdominal pain since 4 days

Generalised weakness and giddiness since 1 day

Involuntary movements in B/L upper and lower limbs this morning around 2:30 a.m

HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS:


Pt was apparently asymptomatic 10 days back, then she developed vomitings - 6-8 episodes /day,within 2 hrs of eating food,non bilious,non projectile ,not blood stained


Loose stools since 10 days-  3-4 episodes/day,watery,large volumes, non blood stained, subsided after 5 days.


Abdominal pain since 4 days which was initially localised to lower abdomen but then progressed to be diffused abdominal pain and non radiating


Generalised weakness and giddiness since 1 day.

Pt was taken to local hospital 1 day back,where she had one episode of seizure (B/L UL nd LL)?GTCS associated with drooling of salive,uprolling of eyeballs,involuntary micturition lasted for 2 mins .following that pt was in a state of comfusion(not able to identify the family members)

Pt was given inj.midaz 2cc and inj.levipil 500mg IV/stat and referred to our hospital for further evaluation and management 

No h/o fever,headache,cough,cold

No H/o outside food consumption


PAST HISTORY:


No similar complaints in the past

 H/O typhoid fever 4 months back

Not a k/c/o HTN,dm,asthma,TB,epilepsy,thyroid disorders 

HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS:


Pt was apparently asymptomatic 10 days back, then she developed vomitings - 6-8 episodes /day,within 2 hrs of eating food,non bilious,non projectile ,not blood stained


Loose stools since 10 days-  3-4 episodes/day,watery,large volumes, non blood stained, subsided after 5 days.


Abdominal pain since 4 days which was initially localised to lower abdomen but then progressed to be diffused abdominal pain and non radiating


Generalised weakness and giddiness since 1 day.

Pt was taken to local hospital 1 day back,where she had one episode of seizure (B/L UL nd LL)?GTCS associated with drooling of salive,uprolling of eyeballs,involuntary micturition lasted for 2 mins .following that pt was in a state of comfusion(not able to identify the family members)

Pt was given inj.midaz 2cc and inj.levipil 500mg IV/stat and referred to our hospital for further evaluation and management 

No h/o fever,headache,cough,cold

No H/o outside food consumption


PAST HISTORY:


No similar complaints in the past

 H/O typhoid fever 4 months back

Not a k/c/o HTN,dm,asthma,TB,epilepsy,thyroid disorders 

MENSTRUAL HISTORY:

Attained menarche at 12yrs of age 

Since then she has regular cycles for every 30 days,With normal flow for about 4 days associated with pain but no clots .


PERSONAL HISTORY:

Diet-mixed 

Appetite:normal 

Bladder movements -regular 

Bowel: loose stools 10 days back(4-5 ep/day) subsided 5 days back

Addictions-nil

Sleep -adequate


FAMILY HISTORY:

not significant 


TREATMENT HISTORY: 

the pt was taken to RMP 3 days back for abdominal pain and vomitings ,where she was prescribed 

Rabeprazole ,ondansetron,and metrogyl 400


This morning,after a seizure episode ,pt was given inj.midaz 2cc and inj.levipil 500mg IV/stat and referred to our hospital

GENERAL EXAMINATION:

Patient was consious, coherrent and co-operative. Well oriented to time place and person.moderately  built and nourished 
No pallor 
No icterus 
No clubbing
No cynosis
No generalized lymphadenopathy 
No b/L pedal edema

Vitals
Pulse-92
BP 110/70
Respiratory rate-19cpm
Spo2-99%
Temp-afebrile 

SYSTEMIC EXAMINATION:

Per abdomen:

INSPECTION: 

Abdomen-flat
Moves with respiration
No abdominal distension 
Umblicus is central and inverted 
No engorged veins
No scars and sinuses




PALPATION:
All inspectory findings are confirmed 
Diffuse tenderness all over abdomen
No palpable liver or spleen

 PERCUSSION:No significant fingings

AUSCULTATION: Bowel sounds heard 
No bruits.

CVS:
S1s2 heard, no murmurs

Respiratory system:
BAE+
Normal vesicular breath sounds heard


Cns- no focal neurological deficit 

USG ABDOMEN AND PELVIS:

No sonological abnormalities 

MRI:normal 

22/6/23:

Hb:  10.5 gm/dl

TLC:   6600 cells/ cumm

RBC:   4.54 million/cumm

PLT:   2.44 lakh/cumm

PCV: 33.2 vol%

Neutrophils:88%

Lymphocytes:10%

MCV:72.8fl

MCH:23pg


Blood urea:  19 mg/dl

Serum creatinine: 0.8 mg/dl

Serum electrolytes: 

Na+:   140 mEq/l

K+:  4.3 mEq/l

Chloride :  102 mEq/l


Total bilurubin:0.94mg/dl

Direct bilurubin :0.20 mg/dl

AST:16 IU/L

ALT:20 IU/L

Alk phosphatase:174IU/L

Total Protien:6.8gm/dl

Albumin:3.9gm/dl


CUE:

Albumin:nil

Sugars:nil

Pus cells:2-3/HPF

Epithelial cells:2-3/HPF


PROVISIONAL DIAGNOSIS: 

seizures under evaluation 

?Acute gastroenteritis 

TREATMENT:

Inj.zofer 4mg IV/tid 
Inj.pan 40mg IV /OD
Inj.buscopan IV/BD
IV fluids -NS,RL,DNS @100ml/hr
Inj.optineuron 10mg
Inj.metrogyl 500mg IV/TID
Inj.levitiracetam 500mg iv/bd 


23/06/23

Date of Admission :- 22.06.2023
ICU bed -1

S:
C/o pain in hypogastric region 
No fever spikes
Stools passed  in morning 

O:
Patient is c/c/c 
Temp: 98.6 F
PR- 89 bpm
RR-18 cpm 
BP-100/70 mm of Hg
Spo2 -98% 

CNS: 
GCS- E4 V5 M6
Pupils NSRL
Tone- Normal in all four limbs 
Power - 
      Rt     Lt
UL 5/5   5/5   
LL 5/5   5/5   

Reflexes
      Rt     Lt
B - 1+.    1+
T - 1+.    1+
S.   -.     -
K - 2+.    2+
A - 1+    1+
Plantar 
Right-Flexor   Left-Flexor 

RS-B/L air entry present, NVBS

CVS- S1S2present, no murmurs heard
PA- soft, tenderness present in hypogastric region,bowel sounds +

A:
  Seizures under evaluation -?drug induced
  ?ofloxacin
Acute GE
P:
1.Iv fluids 2NS,1RL1DNS@100ML/HR
2.Inj.lorazepam 1mg IV/SOS(if sleep disturbances are present)
3.Monitor vitals


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